Before European colonization, Latin America was home to numerous advanced civilizations: Maya Civilization: Flourished in present-day Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, and El Salvador, known for their hieroglyphic script, calendar, and impressive architectural achievements. Aztec Empire: Dominated central Mexico and was known for its rich mythology, complex societal structures, and large cities such as Tenochtitlán. Inca Empire: Spanned across modern-day Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina, famous for their advanced agricultural techniques and cities like Machu Picchu. The 20th century saw significant social, political, and cultural developments: Mexican Revolution (1910-1920): A major social and political upheaval that led to significant land reforms and changes in Mexican society. Cuban Revolution (1959): Led by Fidel Castro and Che Guevara, resulted in the overthrow of the Batista regime and the establishment of a communist government. Immigration to the United States: Large waves of immigrants from Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, and other Latin American countries contributed to the growth of Latino communities in the U.S.